(1) Product design
Product design is the core of enterprise product development, and product design must ensure technological advancement and economic rationality.
Product designs are generally available in three forms: innovative design, improved design, and deformed design. Innovative design (development design) is a new design according to the user's use requirements; improved design (adaptive design) is based on the user's use requirements, the original product of the enterprise is improved or modified, that is, only part of the structure Or the part is redesigned; the deformation design (parametric design) only improves part of the structural size of the product to form the design of the series. The basic content of product design includes: designing design task book, program design, technical design and pattern design.
(2) Process design
The basic task of process design is to ensure that the products produced can meet the design requirements, formulate high-quality, high-yield, low-consumption product manufacturing process rules, and formulate all the process documents required for trial production and formal production of the products. Including: process analysis and review of product drawings, drafting of processing plans, preparation of process specifications, and design and manufacture of process equipment.
(3) Parts processing
The processing of parts includes the production of blanks, as well as the various machining, special processing and heat treatment of the blanks, making them a qualified part. Very few parts are processed using chipless machining methods such as precision casting or precision forging. Usually the production of blanks is casting, forging, welding, etc. Commonly used mechanical processing methods include: bench work, turning, drilling, planing, milling, boring, grinding, CNC machining, broaching Processing, grinding processing, honing processing, etc.; commonly used heat treatment methods are: normalizing, annealing, tempering, aging, quenching and tempering, quenching, etc.; special processing: EDM, EDM, electrolytic processing, laser Processing, ultrasonic processing, etc. Only by selecting the appropriate processing method according to the material, structure, shape, size and performance of the part, can the quality of the product be guaranteed and the qualified parts be produced.
(4) Inspection
The inspection uses the measuring instrument to measure the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy and positional accuracy of the wool, parts, finished products and raw materials, as well as the quality of the product through visual inspection, non-destructive testing, mechanical performance testing and metallographic inspection. Identification.
Measuring instruments include gauges and gauges. Commonly used quantities include steel rulers, tape measures, vernier calipers, calipers, plug gauges, micrometers, angle gauges, dial gauges, etc., to detect the length, thickness, angle, outer diameter, and aperture of the part. In addition, the thread can be measured by a thread micrometer, a three-needle method, a thread template, a thread ring gauge, a thread plug gauge, and the like.
Commonly used measuring instruments include buoy type pneumatic measuring instrument, electronic measuring instrument, electric measuring instrument, optical measuring instrument, three-coordinate measuring instrument, etc., in addition to detecting the length, thickness, outer diameter and aperture of the part, The shape error and position error of the part can be measured.
Special inspection mainly refers to the detection of defects inside and outside the part. Non-destructive testing is a modern inspection technique that detects defects inside and outside the part without damaging the object under test. Non-destructive testing methods include direct visual inspection, radiographic inspection, ultrasonic flaw detection, magnetic flaw detection, etc., and appropriate methods and test specifications should be selected according to the purpose of non-destructive testing.
(5) Assembly and commissioning
Any mechanical product consists of several parts, components and components. According to the specified technical requirements, the necessary parts and components are matched and connected.
The process of making it a semi-finished or finished product is called assembly. The process of assembling parts and components into parts is called part assembly; the process of assembling parts, assemblies, and parts into a final product is called a total assembly. Assembly is the last stage of production in the mechanical manufacturing process, which also includes adjustment, testing, inspection, painting and packaging.
Common assembly work includes: cleaning, joining, calibration and matching, balancing, acceptance, and testing.
(6) Storage
The finished products, semi-finished products and various materials produced by the enterprise are stored in the warehouse for prevention of loss or damage, which is called storage.
When entering the warehouse, the warehouse inspection shall be carried out, the inspection records and relevant original records shall be filled out; the maintenance and storage of the measuring tools, instruments and various tools shall be carried out; the relevant technical standards, drawings, files and other materials shall be properly kept; keep the working place And indoor and outdoor neat, pay attention to fire and moisture, do a good job.
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