Pre-podding measures: 1. Field selection. Choose a slightly acidic sandy loam soil with a deep layer, loose texture, good irrigation and drainage, and moderate fertility. This ensures proper root development and nutrient uptake. 2. Land preparation. After harvest, plow the field to loosen the soil and create ridges that are 100 cm wide. Dig ring and cross grooves for efficient drainage. 3. Seed potato treatment. Select healthy, disease-free potatoes with smooth skin. Use whole potatoes weighing around 50 grams for seeding. For larger tubers over 80 grams, cut them into pieces of 30-50 grams. Cut vertically or diagonally from the eye area, ensuring each piece has a top bud. After cutting, apply ash to the cut surface to reduce water loss, kill bacteria, and maintain internal balance. Two days after planting, place wet sand at the bottom of the hole, stack seed pieces with moist sand, and cover with plastic to promote germination. This helps ensure uniform sprouting and strong seedlings.
Sowing at the right time: 1. Variety selection. Choose high-yield, disease-resistant varieties such as “Purple Flower 851â€, “Kexin No.3â€, “Zhongshu No.3â€, and “Spring Potato No.4â€. These varieties perform well in different conditions. 2. Fine seeding. Winter potatoes should be planted below 200 meters above sea level. Sow after the late rice or potato harvest, ideally between early November and early December. Plant in two rows with 25 cm spacing between plants and 30 cm between rows, about 4,500 holes per mu. Place the eyes upward and adjust the depth based on the size of the seed pieces for even emergence. Before planting, apply 50 kg of compound fertilizer per acre along the rows, 25 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate at the bottom of the hole, and mix 750 kg of soil with fertilizer for planting.
Field management technology: 1. Scientific fertilization. Apply a quick-acting fertilizer when seedlings emerge 80%-90%, using 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 10 kg of urea mixed with 1,500 kg of water. During the bud stage (50-70 days after sowing), apply 25 kg of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. 2. Water management. In dry conditions during the seedling stage, irrigate to keep the soil moist for uniform growth. During the bud period, water deeply to support tuber formation. Keep the surface moist during the early growth stage to promote tuber expansion. In the bud period, spray 35 g of 15% paclobutrazol in 60 kg of water to prevent excessive stem elongation. Avoid overwatering in the late growth stage, and ensure proper drainage during heavy rains. 3. Soil cultivation. Cultivate the soil when 80% of the seedlings emerge to prevent stem growth from outpacing tuber development. Combine this with topdressing during the bud stage. 4. Pest and disease control. Spray 100 ml of acetochlor in 60 kg of water after planting to control weeds. Regularly inspect the field to manage late blight, downy mildew, bacterial wilt, aphids, and mites. 5. Frost protection. Strengthen plant health and monitor weather forecasts. In case of frost, use heat-enhancing fertilizers, cover with straw, irrigate, or burn smoke to protect crops and minimize damage.
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