Diamond is optically transparent across a broad range of wavelengths, including the visible spectrum from 400 to 750 nm. This unique property makes it ideal for use in optical mechanical loop components, particularly in advanced fields like sensor technology, fluorescence imaging, and optical biometry. The components produced from diamond—such as resonators, circuits, and wafers—are of exceptional quality and have gained significant popularity in scientific and industrial applications.
To fully harness the potential of photons within these optical loops, the material must possess specific optical and mechanical characteristics. Recently, researchers have developed optical circuits using single-crystal diamond substrates, which are high-purity materials with minimal impurities. These circuits require miniaturization, making advanced fabrication techniques essential for their implementation in optical systems.
In a groundbreaking experiment at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), scientists used polycrystalline diamond, consisting of two parallel waveguides, as a mechanical resonator. This setup allows light to propagate through the structure, with the light field represented by red and blue colors. For the first time, KIT researchers successfully created wafer-based optomechanical circuits using polycrystalline diamond. These systems can detect and respond to specific frequencies, causing the resonator to vibrate.
Despite its more irregular crystal structure, polycrystalline diamond is highly durable and easier to process compared to single-crystal materials. This makes it more accessible and cost-effective, while still maintaining excellent optical performance. Polycrystalline diamond transmits photons almost as efficiently as single-crystal substrates, making it a strong candidate for industrial-scale production.
Patrik Rath, the lead author of the study, explained that nano-mechanical resonators are currently among the most sensitive sensors for precision measurements. However, traditional methods struggle to handle such tiny components. In their research, the team leveraged the ability to fabricate nanophotonic elements that match the size of the nanomechanical resonators. This allows optical signals to be directly transmitted through the loop when the resonator is activated.
The polycrystalline diamond used in this research was developed in collaboration with the Fraunhofer Institute for Solid State Physics and Diamond Materials in Freiburg, Germany. The findings were published in the *Nature* journal.
This innovation marks a major step forward in the development of optomechanical systems, offering new possibilities for sensing, imaging, and quantum technologies.
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