Sticking autumn 膘: Through the scientific fertilization in autumn, the nutrients of the tree are stored, and the nutrients in the “old†of the tree are maintained, thereby reducing the amount of fertilizer used throughout the year.
Since last year, Apple prices have been falling all the way, most of the production areas have also suffered from selling fruit. However, high-quality apples have sold high prices and are still selling well. So, how can fruit farmers produce high quality apples? At present, we have started the autumn, we start from the fertilization level of the orchard, and teach you the scientific "post autumn" to achieve the purpose of apples to eat and "slim".
Apple trees want to lose weight, first get "post autumn"
It seems that “weight loss†and “sticking†are contradictory, and where are the leaves, branches, trunks and roots of apple trees fat? Jiang Yuanmao, the chief expert of the national apple fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency project, and Jiang Yuanmao, a professor at Shandong Agricultural University, believes that in order to make apples high-quality and high-yielding, fertilization nodes in the autumn, borrowing health idioms is “posting autumn 膘â€, that is, through scientific fertilization in autumn, thereby reducing annual fertilizer Dosage.
"This method is very good, both weight loss and increase the quality of the festival." Li Qingquan, a fruit farmer in Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province, said that in the second spring of the year, there is no top dressing in the spring, the leaves are unfolding rapidly and the growth speed of the branches Fast, the photosynthesis ability of the leaves is strong. When the fruit matures, the yield increases by 10.63%, and the fruit shape is correct. It saves 3.8 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer and 4.2 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer per acre, and the cost-effective effect is obvious.
The key steps of “Autumn Autumnâ€
What time?
The apple base fertilizer in the autumn of apple trees is generally not suitable for late harvesting in the middle and late ripening varieties, and it is suitable for mid-September to mid-October. At this time, the temperature is high and the rainfall is high. The base fertilizer has sufficient time to decompose, the leaf function has not been degraded, and there is a strong photosynthetic function. The nutrient returns to the root of the tree, which is the peak of the root growth of the fruit tree, and the root is easy to heal and can produce A large number of meristematic roots and absorbing roots are beneficial to increase the nutrient level of the tree.
What fertilizer?
Organic Fertilizer. Nowadays, it is generally believed that the best is microbial fertilizer, because the use of inorganic fertilizers in recent years has led to a decrease in the number and variety of beneficial microorganisms in orchard soils. The second is the feces of herbivorous livestock and poultry. These products have high carbon content and are very effective in improving soil organic matter content. Then there is the soil and fertilizer. It should be noted that when the fruit growers make their own organic fertilizer, they must fully decompose the organic fertilizer before they can be applied.
fertilizer. In autumn, the fruit has been harvested and the new shoots have stopped growing. At this time, it is not necessary to choose high-nitrogen or high-potassium fertilizers. It is not necessary to choose high-quality water-soluble fertilizers. The balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be selected as much as possible. Type of fertilizer. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium macronutrient fertilizers, attention must be paid to the application of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and boron.
How much is it used?
Organic Fertilizer. High-quality microbial fertilizer 250 kg / mu, commercial organic fertilizer 500 kg / mu, sheep, cattle dung and other livestock and poultry fertilizer 1000 kg / mu, soil fertilizer recommended Jinjinjin fertilizer.
fertilizer. Suggestions for the use of NPK fertilizer in autumn: 3,500-4,500 kg of orchard per mu, nitrogen fertilizer 9-15 kg/mu, phosphorus 5-7 kg/mu, potash fertilizer 9-12 kg/mu. The orchard with an output of 3,500 kilograms per mu, 6-12 kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 3-5 kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, and 6-12 kg/mu of potash fertilizer.
What method?
The fruit grower must change the habit of fertilizing the whole garden and turn it into concentrated application, so that the effect of organic fertilizer reforming can be exerted. When the organic fertilizer is insufficient, it can be concentrated and applied to provide a partial optimization space for the root system.
Fertilization is not a traditional method of digging a few radiation ditch, but digging a hole. Dig 6-8 holes per tree, the hole diameter is 30-40 cm, the depth is 40-50 cm, and the decomposed organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, etc. are thoroughly mixed with the excavated soil and backfilled, otherwise the local concentration of the soil is too high. Easy to cause burnt roots. Change the location of the acupoints every year, so that the soil improvement of the whole garden can be achieved in 3-4 years.
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