Factors affecting the efficacy of pesticides

The use of pesticides is the most commonly used method for pest control. In the process of pesticide use, farmers often report poor efficacy. There are also some “good medicines” with complete three-certification, new ingredients, sufficient dosage and new dosage forms. The “fake medicine” hat has been buckled, and there are not many pesticides that have been smashed. Through understanding, the factors affecting the efficacy of pesticides involve many aspects.

　　 1. The pesticide itself affects the efficacy of the drug

The composition, physicochemical properties and dosage forms of pesticides all affect the efficacy of the drug. There are differences between the different dosage forms of the same ingredients. At the same time, it is impossible to exclude some companies from making a fuss about the content, and stealing the content affects the efficacy.

　　 2 , the diagnosis of the disease is not accurate, there is a deviation in medication

At present, the diagnosis of diseases relies mostly on the experience of dealers and farmers. Because of the amount of experience, things that confuse fungal diseases and bacterial diseases sometimes occur. When fungi and bacterial diseases are mixed, many farmers are blindly identified as fungal or bacterial diseases, and a single agent is used for prevention and treatment. This diagnosis and treatment is extremely easy to miss the best prevention and treatment period of the disease, causing some pesticides to fail to meet the expectations of farmers. The effect of the drug multi-effect drug to the disease will produce the impression that the drug is not effective.

　　 3 , spray quality affects efficacy

The quality of the spray directly affects the level of efficacy. At present, conventional spray machines are used in some places, and the sprayed droplets are too large. When the mist falls on the surface of the crop, it bounces. About 50% of the liquid falls on the ground, and the effect cannot be fully exerted. If the diameter of the droplets is reduced by half in the same amount of liquid, the number of droplets obtained can be increased by 8 times, and the efficacy is also greatly improved. Many farmers worry that the efficacy of the drug should not be completely on the surface of the crop, so they will increase the amount of water. This will not improve the efficacy and reduce the efficacy. Because the drops of the leaves on the surface of the crop leaves are limited, when the spray amount exceeds a certain limit, the fine droplets on the leaves will gather into the large droplets to reduce the amount of pesticide on the leaves.

In order to improve the quality of the spray, it is necessary to improve the existing spray equipment, reduce the aperture of the spray, reduce the flow of the spray, and keep the spray head and the crop at a distance of more than 20 cm when spraying , forming a good atomization effect, and adding at the time of spraying. Silicone spray auxiliaries "spread" can reduce the surface tension of the liquid and reduce the loss of the liquid due to bounce, especially in the thicker waxy crops.

　　 4 , the concept of disease prevention needs to be changed

For the prevention and control of crop diseases, the common practice of many farmers is to "seek disease, re-treatment and light prevention". Some farmers said that in order to treat the disease, there are many "special effects" for the single agent of dimethomorph, metalaxyl and cymoxanil, and these drugs are used for prevention and treatment before the disease occurs. The above varieties. This kind of "active attack" disease prevention and control method is widespread in many places. Once the drug effect is found to be reduced, the dosage is increased. The long-term use of a certain agent alone will inevitably lead to premature resistance of the pathogen, and will face a situation of no cure when the disease is outbreak. We should change the existing concept of prevention and control, adhere to the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control”, scientifically select pesticide varieties, and avoid mixing of various preparations of the same active ingredient. It is recommended to use a mixture of different ingredients and protective preparations to delay the resistance. Sexuality occurs.

　　 5 , there is a misunderstanding of pesticide mixing

At present, farmers hope to solve all the pest problems once and for all, and often mix pesticides of different types and different dosage forms, and there are many problems. First, there is a misunderstanding of the second dilution. The correct way is to dilute the several pesticides to be used separately, dilute one kind of pour into the sprayer and then dilute one, and then proceed in order, so that the role of secondary dilution in improving the effect can be truly exerted. Second, the order of administration of different dosage forms during compounding affects the performance of the drug solution. The medicine and fertilizer are foliar fertilizer, wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, suspending agent, microemulsion, water emulsion, water agent and emulsifiable concentrate, so that the mixed agent has good stability. Third, the pH of the drug affects the efficacy of the drug. Improper compounding is prone to acid-base neutralization. For example, copper preparations with a large proportion of bacterial diseases can be discolored and precipitated when mixed with other chemicals. The efficacy of the lighter will be weakened, and the serious ones may cause phytotoxicity.

　　 6, the humidity, the temperature will affect the efficacy of the play, such as spraying the dew dry, dew dilute solution concentration. Temperature is too low will affect the efficacy of the play, in general, the temperature at 20-- the range of 30 deg.] C medication better.

In short, it is irrational to hope that the "special effects medicine" is irrational. The "medicine to the disease" is also a problem. In order to improve the efficacy, it is necessary to find the limit effect from the above points. Factors to minimize adverse factors and maximize the effectiveness of the drug.

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