With the advancement of agricultural technology, greenhouses have become a popular method for cultivating high-value crops, especially during off-season periods. These controlled environments offer ideal temperature and humidity conditions, which not only enhance crop growth but also create favorable conditions for pest development. As a result, greenhouse pests have become more severe, making effective prevention and control essential. One of the most efficient methods is the use of aerosols for chemical control. According to **China Pesticide Network**, here are some key measures to consider when using aerosol-based pest management in greenhouses:
Aerosol application involves converting pesticides into fine smoke or aerosol particles, which can be effectively dispersed throughout the greenhouse. This technique offers high efficiency, low residue, and reduces labor and time consumption. However, proper application is crucial for optimal results. Here are some important considerations:
1. **Timing of Application**: It is best to apply aerosols after sunset. During daylight hours, the temperature of the plants is similar to that of the smoke, making it difficult for the particles to settle on the leaves, thus reducing effectiveness. Applying in the evening ensures better coverage and absorption.
2. **Application Method**: Place the aerosol evenly across the greenhouse based on the area. If using **pesticide nets**, ensure they are spread out properly. When igniting, start from the darkest areas first. Once ignited, close the greenhouse doors and leave it sealed overnight. The next morning, ventilate the space thoroughly before re-entering.
3. **Appropriate Dosage**: Many standardized aerosol products are available on the market, such as 45% chlorothalonil aerosol. For a one-mu greenhouse, 200–250 grams per application, repeated every 7–10 days, can effectively manage diseases like cucumber downy mildew, tomato blight, and gray mold. Alternatively, homemade aerosols can be prepared by mixing 500 grams of wood chips with 200–250 grams of sulfur powder per acre. This mixture can be placed at three points to control cucumber downy mildew and powdery mildew. To target aphids and whiteflies, mix 80–300 ml of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate with wood chips and place them in pots or tiles. However, homemade formulations require strict control over dosage and release rate to avoid plant damage.
4. **Safety and Efficiency**: Aerosols should be stored in dry places to prevent moisture damage. If damp, allow them to dry slowly in a well-ventilated area. Avoid using pesticides near crops or flammable materials. After ignition, personnel should immediately exit the greenhouse and close the door. Wait two hours before ventilating the next day to prevent exposure and ensure safety.
By following these guidelines, farmers can maximize the benefits of aerosol-based pest control while minimizing risks and ensuring sustainable crop production.
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