With a wide range of water-based wood lacquers available in the market today, it's important to understand that most products fall into one of four main categories. Each has its own unique characteristics, advantages, and limitations.
1. The first type is water-based wood lacquer primarily composed of acrylic acid. It offers good adhesion and doesn't darken the natural color of the wood. However, it lacks in wear resistance and chemical resistance, resulting in a softer paint film with a pencil hardness of around HB. Its fullness is also poor, and it's more prone to construction defects. Due to its low cost and simple production process, this type is commonly found in the market, which may lead some people to believe that all water-based paints are inferior. Still, it remains a popular choice for budget-conscious consumers.
2. The second category combines acrylic and polyurethane components. This blend offers the best of both worlds—good adhesion like acrylics, along with improved wear and chemical resistance. Some companies even refer to it as "water-based polyester paint." The paint film is harder, with a pencil hardness of up to 1H, and provides better fullness. Its overall performance is close to traditional oil-based paints. However, only a few manufacturers in China have the technology to produce this high-quality option.
3. The third type is pure polyurethane-based waterborne paint. It stands out for its superior performance, including excellent fullness, high hardness (up to 1.5–2H), and exceptional wear resistance that can even surpass oil-based coatings. This makes it a top-tier option in the water-based paint industry, offering longer service life and better color retention. While more expensive, it's ideal for those seeking high-performance, eco-friendly finishes.
4. The fourth type is often referred to as pseudo-aqueous paint. These products may include additives such as hardeners or special dilution agents, and while some can be diluted with water, they still contain high levels of solvents. In fact, some of these paints can be more harmful than traditional oil-based ones. Despite being labeled as water-based, they don’t always meet environmental standards. Consumers should be cautious and look for clear product certifications when making a purchase.
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