Viscosity is a key property that describes a fluid's resistance to flow. It can be expressed in several ways, including dynamic viscosity (often referred to as "viscosity" and measured in units like Pascal-seconds or centipoise), kinematic viscosity (measured in square millimeters per second or centistokes), and Saybolt viscosity (measured in SSU or SSF using a viscometer). The conversion between these units is as follows: 1 Pa·s = 1000 mPa·s = 1000 cP; 1 mm²/s = 1 cSt. For reference, SSU (Saybolt Seconds Universal) is used for medium-viscosity liquids, while SSF (Saybolt Seconds Furol) is used for high-viscosity liquids. When the viscosity exceeds 70 cSt, 1 cSt equals 0.216 SSU, and 1 SSU equals 10 SSF.
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The viscosity of a liquid significantly affects pump performance. For example, in vane pumps, as the viscosity increases, the flow rate, head, and power consumption tend to rise. In positive displacement pumps, higher viscosity generally reduces internal leakage, improves volumetric efficiency, and increases the actual flow rate. However, this also leads to a decrease in overall efficiency and an increase in energy consumption.
Different types of pumps are suitable for different viscosity ranges. The table above provides a detailed overview of the applicable viscosity range for each pump type. Choosing the right pump based on the fluid's viscosity is essential for optimal performance and longevity. If you need assistance selecting the right pump for your application, we’d be happy to guide you. Contact us today for expert advice and support!
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