Frequently encountered problems with veneers

Nowadays, many decorative panels on the market tend to change color after being varnished. For example, white oak and white maple often develop a yellowish tint when painted, and it's commonly believed that the longer they're exposed, the more intense the yellowing becomes.

When choosing a decorative panel, it's a good idea to wipe it with a damp cloth and observe the color effect—it gives a closer representation of how the panel will look after varnishing. Over time, the panel may naturally darken and oxidize, which can cause the color to gradually turn yellow. This is why selecting the right type of varnish is crucial in preventing unwanted discoloration.

Here are some common causes of varnish discoloration and ways to prevent it.

The main reasons for discoloration include:

(1) Ester solvents in the varnish can react with iron containers, leading to black stains when exposed to water.

(2) Turpentine oil tends to produce reddish-brown pigments when stored in iron drums.

(3) Gold and silver powders mixed with varnish are prone to acid etching, resulting in green, dark, or tarnished colors.

(4) Prolonged storage can lead to sedimentation and discoloration of the varnish.

To prevent these issues, consider the following measures:

(1) Store shellac-based varnishes in non-metallic containers to avoid chemical reactions.

(2) Add gold or silver powder just before using the varnish—don’t mix them in advance for long-term storage.

(3) If the coating has already discolored, check if it’s due to a quality issue. In most cases, thorough stirring can restore its original appearance.

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