November 15 news, according to foreign media reports, the United States Northwestern University's research team said that has found a way to break through the current lithium-ion battery charge and charge speed limits. The new method will not only increase the charge capacity by a factor of ten, but will also require only one-tenth of the original charging time. Scientists said that this technology is expected to be sold in the market within three to five years.
How does this technology work?
First of all, we must first understand that the battery charge is mainly limited by the density of the charge, and the speed of the charge depends on how quickly lithium ions can reach the positive electrode in the electrolyte. In current technology, the positive electrode of a battery consists of layers of graphite flakes.
Previous scientists have tried to change carbon-based graphite flakes to silicon-based thin films because silicon is more efficient than carbon to accommodate the number of lithium ions. However, in the charging process, silicon is easily shrunk and stretched and broken, and the charged content is lost.
In addition, in the current technology, the charging speed is mainly influenced by the shape of the graphite sheet. Graphite flakes are very thin (the thickness of only one carbon atom) and are very long, so during the charging process, lithium ions need to go through a very long process to reach the positive electrode.
This new technology, the research team in the graphite flakes mixed with layers of silicon, the use of graphite sheet ductility to stabilize the volume change of silicon during charging. As a result, the charge content can be as much as ten times due to the effect of silicon. In addition, the research team also uses the process of chemical oxidation to generate a lot of very tiny pores (about 10-20 nm) on the graphite flakes so that lithium ions can quickly reach the anode through shortcuts, reducing the charging time by as much as ten Times.
At present, this study only discusses the improvement of the battery positive electrode. Next, the research team will study the improvement of the battery negative electrode. It is expected that there will be more breakthroughs in the lithium-ion battery technology.
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