How to prevent and cure pepper pests and diseases?

   The control of pepper pests and diseases has the following points:
Pepper soft rot is mainly harmful to fruits. The diseased fruit is immersed in dark green spots, and then becomes brown and soft rot. It has a foul smell. The internal flesh rots and the peel turns white. The whole fruit shrinks after losing water and hangs on the branches. Pathogens are invaded from the wound by irrigation water or rain splashes, and can also be transmitted by tobacco budworms and wind and rain. The field is low-lying and easy to smash, and there are many drill pests or rainy weather, and the humidity is easy to be popular.
Control method:
(1) Carry out rotations with non-solanaceae and cruciferous vegetables for more than 2 years.
(2) Clean the garden in time, remove the diseased fruit and bring it out of the field to burn or bury it. Subsequently, the entire park sprayed the tree guard general 1000 times liquid sterilization, to prevent the infection of the bacteria.
(3) Cultivate strong seedlings, timely planting, and rational close planting. Drainage in a timely manner during the rainy season, especially in the lower head;
(4) Protecting the cultivation should strengthen the wind and prevent the humidity in the shed from being too high.
(5) Spraying the new high-fat film 800 times in time to protect the fruit from the external pathogens and reduce the occurrence of diseases such as powdery mildew and bacterial wilt.
(6) Chemical control, timely spraying 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 4000 times liquid, or neomycin oxytetracycline 4000 times liquid, 50% succinic acid copper WP wettable powder 500 times liquid.
Capsicum annuum is a typical bacterial soil-borne disease, and its pathogen is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pathogen survives for a long time, mainly through the wound invasion of the stem of the plant. When transplanting, loosening soil and other agricultural operations, and root wounds caused by insects and other injuries can cause bacterial invasion in the soil, and breeding rapidly under high temperature and high humidity conditions... ...
The initial symptoms of pepper bacterial wilt are only the most tender one to several leaves, and the initial wilting can be restored, and then stabilized.
Control method:
1, early sowing, bacterial wilt generally occurs in mid-June, in order to avoid the peak incidence and the peak of the results, early seeding period.
2, choose the well-drained sandy loam soil cultivation, after the soil is turned over, spray a new high-fat film 800 times liquid, disinfect the soil, heat preservation and preservation, which is conducive to seed germination growth.
3, the implementation of more than three years of rotation, bacterial wilt can be a variety of Solanaceae crops, where the previous crop is tomato, eggplant, pepper, are not suitable for planting pepper.
4, pay attention to drainage, bacterial wilt bacteria can be spread with water, apply high ridge narrow sorghum cultivation, pay attention to timely drainage, sputum can not be water.
5, pruning, loose soil, topdressing and other work, should be completed before the onset of the disease, after the onset, pay special attention to not loosen the grass, if there are weeds, can only be removed by hand, so as not to hurt the roots.
6. Discover the diseased plants and remove them in time. Spray the tree guards in the caves and adjacent soils to disinfect and prevent the spread.
The pathogen of Capsicum annuum is mainly in the soil or mixed in the soil for summer or winter. When the temperature and humidity are suitable in the second year, the sclerotia germination produces ascospore discs and ascospores, and the ascospores are transmitted to the plants by airflow. For initial infection, the pathogen is invaded by the wound or directly invaded. Flowers, leaves, and fruit stalks are water-soaked with soft rot, causing the leaves to fall off. When the fruit is infected, the fruit surface turns brown first, and it is immersed in water. It gradually spreads to the whole fruit. Some of them first spread from the umbilicus to the fruit pedicle, and finally spread to the whole fruit and cause the fruit to rot. The surface has a white cotton-like structure. Mycelium, in the late stage of the disease, forms a black irregular sclerotia.
Control method:
1 Agricultural measures: remove the sclerotium mixed in the seed to prevent the sclerotia from being inserted into the seedbed. Spray the new high-fat film after deep-turning the land, and quickly form a transparent film on the ground to prevent the sclerotia from germinating. Controlling the temperature and humidity of plastic greenhouses and releasing air in a timely manner is a key measure. Watering in the form of drip or dark irrigation to reduce the humidity in the shed. When the temperature is low, especially before the spring cold current invasion, it is necessary to spray the new high-fat film 800 times liquid to prevent freezing, or cover the grass around the greenhouse to prevent the plants from being frozen. It was found that the diseased plants were removed or cut off in time, brought to the outside of the shed for burning or deep burial, and the general manager of the tree guard was sprayed and disinfected 1000 times to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
2 Chemical control: adhere to the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention”, and do a good job in prevention and control of various stages of pepper growth. In the various growth stages of pepper, the pepper is vigorously sprayed to improve the swelling activity of the fruit and enhance the disease resistance of the plant.
Capsicum powdery mildew is caused by the ascomycetes of the Ascomycota fungus, and the leaves, old leaves and young leaves can be infected. In the field, it mainly spreads by airflow. The disease is prone to prevalence under slightly dry conditions. The diseased leaves are chlorotic and yellow spots on the front, and then spread to chlorotic yellow mottled spots with inconspicuous edges. The back of the diseased part produces white powder. In severe cases, the lesions are densely covered, causing the whole leaves to turn yellow, and a large amount of them fall off to form light stalks, which seriously affects the yield and quality.
Control method:
1. Select the varieties with better disease resistance when planting, and effectively reduce the incidence of peppers from the root.
2, deep soil before planting, spraying a new high-fat film 800 times liquid sterilization, heat preservation and preservation.
3, in the various growth stages of peppers should be timely sprayed pepper Zhuang Ting Ling, enhance the body's nutrient transport, improve the resistance of pepper to external bacteria.
4. If the diseased fruit is found to be removed in time, burned or buried deeply, spray the general manager of the tree to kill 1000 times liquid to prevent the spread of germs.
5. Spraying 1000 times of polyoxygenate and adding 3000 times of DuPont Fuxing in the early stage of the disease, the effect is particularly good.

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