It is difficult to unify the fertilization rate of all kinds of fertilization standards. Most fruit farmers only use their experience and reference materials to fertilize. It is often the case that too much fertilization causes fruit trees to grow into flowers. Some are excessive phosphate fertilizer, causing zinc deficiency; some are excessive potassium fertilizer, resulting in calcium deficiency. Improvement method: Abandon the original outdated fertilization standard. The amount of organic fertilizer applied per mu is measured in cubic meters. Do not use kilograms or kilograms. The difference in organic fertilizers due to different types and wet and dry is not good by weight. The amount of fertilizer per acre yield and quality to set, when the fruit less nitrogen fertilizer in small, bumper nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium three elements should be balanced, and the consumption levels of the various elements of fertility differences fluctuate based fruit 20 %~30% . According to the research, 2500 kg per mu apple, need manure 3-5 cubic meters of nitrogen 17.5 kg, phosphate 9 kg, 13.75 kg potassium; 2500 kg per mu pear, for an organic fertilizer applied 3 cubic meters of nitrogen 12 ~ 13 kg , 8 kg phosphate, potash 10 kg; yield peach garden mu manure 3 m3, 17.5 to 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus 15.2 kg, 27.8 kg potassium. Applying compound fertilizer to meet the minimum nutrient content, the nutrient content is supplemented with elemental fertilizer, that is, if the nitrogen in the compound fertilizer is not enough, it can be supplemented with urea.
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    Fertilizers with irrational fruit trees require a variety of elements, of which nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the most important. For apples and pears, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1 : 0.5 : 1 , and peach is 10 : 4 : 16 . Many fruit farmers in production only pay attention to supplementing nitrogen and phosphorus, neglecting the supplement of potassium and trace elements, which makes the quality of fruit difficult to improve, and the phenomenon of large and small years is serious. Improvement method: On the basis of applying sufficient amount of organic fertilizer, the three elements should be supplemented reasonably and scientifically. If there are symptoms of deficiency , it is necessary to supplement the trace elements with organic fertilizer. Conditional fertilization can be carried out on soil testing.
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   Under the fertilization period, many fruit farmers do not pay attention to the autumn fertilizer, and they do not pay much attention to the staged fertilization, which directly affects the improvement of fruit quality and yield. The advantages of autumn-based base fertilizer : First, fruit trees can absorb the fertilizer applied in the peak growth period in autumn ; second, the base fertilizer can be healed in time, and the roots can be healed in time, which has little effect on the tree potential. Spring Fertilizers on the contrary, was not applied into fertilizer absorption and utilization, and the impact of higher grower when to quit, sit and even affect fruit and flower buds. Staged fertilization is also very important. One-time fertilization will inevitably result in waste of fertilizer and even fat damage. Improved approaches: Generally speaking, to focus autumn Fertilizers, 60% to 80% of the phosphate, to the base in the form of manure, and with the administration of small amounts of nitrogen and potassium, 60% of the nitrogen applied in spring, summer and flower buds of young fruit enlargement Appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied during the differentiation period. Most of the potassium fertilizer should be applied 20 days before the fruit expansion period and fruit coloring .
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   Improper application of fertilizer and watering In the production of many fruit farmers pay more attention to fertilization work, but often ignore the watering work. Although a lot of fertilizer, but because of soil drought, not to maximize fertilizer efficiency, resulting in significant impact on fruit yield and quality. Improvement method: watering should be carried out in time after fertilization, and watering should be carried out in time when the soil is dry. Water-scarce areas, can be Shupan cover, can keep the soil moist, but also increases soil organic matter.
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