Aster Cultivation Method:
Breeding Methods: Aster is commonly propagated through sowing and cuttings. Sowing is typically done in early spring, around March, and germination usually occurs within 12 to 15 days. For cuttings, the top of the tender stems are taken in spring and rooted within 15 to 20 days after planting.
Aster can also be propagated using rhizomes. These are planted in both spring and autumn, with spring planting usually starting in early April and autumn planting in late October. In practical farming, autumn planting is more common, as it allows the plants to survive the winter without freezing. If spring planting is necessary, the rhizomes must be stored properly. Before planting, the rhizomes are cut into pieces about 6.7 to 10 cm long, each containing 2 to 3 buds. The cuttings should be fresh, with visible signs of budding. Shallow furrows, 6.7 to 8.3 cm deep, are made at intervals of 33 cm. Each furrow contains 16.5 cm apart, with two to three stalks placed per row. After gently pressing the soil and watering, approximately 150-225 kg of rhizomes are required per hectare. Seedlings typically emerge within two weeks after planting.
Field Management: Weeds are a major concern during early spring and summer, so frequent weeding and soil loosening are essential to prevent root damage. In summer, when the leaves are fully grown, weeds should be manually removed after forming ridges, avoiding any squatting that could harm the plants. The soil should remain moist throughout the growing season, especially in northern arid regions, where irrigation is crucial. Whether planting in autumn or spring, proper watering during the seedling stage is important, but the soil should not be overly wet, as this may hinder root development.
June is a critical period for leaf growth, requiring consistent water supply. This is also the dry season in many northern areas, so increased irrigation and regular soil loosening help maintain moisture levels. During July and August, when heavy rains occur, it’s important to ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging. After the rainy season, careful watering should be maintained during the root development phase. Overall, irrigation and drainage practices should be adjusted based on the plant's growth stage and local climate conditions. Once the aster flowers, its energy shifts toward blooming, which may reduce root growth. If any signs of flowering appear, the flower stalks should be cut immediately, not pulled by hand, to avoid damaging the roots and affecting overall plant health.
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