1. Fertilization Principles
(1) Apply organic fertilizer and promote the integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers to improve soil health and nutrient availability.
(2) Adjust the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers based on soil fertility levels, apply potassium fertilizer appropriately, and emphasize the combined use of boron and zinc to address potential micronutrient deficiencies.
(3) Apply nitrogen fertilizer in stages, increasing its proportion during the mid-growth period to support robust plant development and yield.
(4) Combine fertilizer application with high-yield and high-quality farming practices, such as proper irrigation, pest control, and crop rotation, to maximize productivity and sustainability.
2. Fertilizer Application Rates and Proportions
When aiming for a lint cotton yield of 70–90 kg per mu, it is recommended to apply 2000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, along with 11–13 kg of nitrogen (N), 5–7 kg of phosphate (P₂O₅), and 5–7 kg of potash (K₂O). For fields that are deficient in boron or zinc, additional application of these micronutrients is essential. The recommended dosage is 1–2 kg per mu, with foliar sprays at a concentration of 2 g/L during the bud and flowering stages to ensure optimal uptake.
Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in three stages: 35%–40% as basal fertilizer before planting, 30%–35% during the early flowering stage, and 25%–30% during full bloom. Phosphorus fertilizer should be mostly applied as a base fertilizer (85%), with 15% used as seed fertilizer. Potassium can be applied as a base fertilizer or as a top-dressing during the initial flowering stage.
For cotton fields with weaker growth, starting from the flowering period, spray a solution of 0.5%–1.0% urea and 0.3%–0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a rate of 50–75 kg per mu. This should be done every 7–10 days, repeating the process 2–3 times to enhance growth and yield.
Expert Group on Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture
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