[comprehensive] interpretation of Liaoning ship personal protective equipment: standard 5 sets outside these highlights

On January 13th, at the scene of the “Sang Ji” fire at the East Sea Tanker, the four diving crews of the Shanghai Salvage Bureau of the Ministry of Communications raced against the time and killed the ship and “grabbed” back to the black box. This was called “The Four Warriors in the East China Sea”!

And this is not the first time they have turned the tide. South Korea's "Shi Yue" passenger ship was salvaged last year. The entire world is guilty of misconduct, and it is also the Shanghai Salvage Bureau's successful implementation of this difficult task. Earlier, there were "Daqi" rounds, "Daqing 62" rounds, "Daxiong" rounds, "Changyu" rounds, and "Oriental Star" shipwrecks.

Apart from admiration, at first sight of the scene, or for the four warriors personal protection equipment slightly worried. Although carrying the Eagle Grid self-contained positive pressure air breathing apparatus + 6.8 liters 30Mpa carbon drilled compressed air bottles, portable gas detectors, walkie-talkies and other equipment. However, it still seems to be worn in China's salvage rescue system commonly used helmets, coveralls and work boots.

There are many improvements that can be explored with the personal protection and fire fighting equipment provided by the firefighters of the current navy "Liaoning" aircraft carrier and the "Xuelong" scientific expedition ship firefighter.

1. Marine work clothes or fire fighting clothes

The photos of the four Warriors scenes show that compared to the daily work photos of the Ministry of Transport's maritime salvage and salvage system, the dress is very similar to the orange crew uniforms used in salvage and salvage systems. There are reflective strips on the limbs. This kind of crew uniforms generally use thick polyester fabrics or fire-retardant cotton fabrics, which have good characteristics such as strong durability, corrosion resistance, insulation, easy to wash and dry, and a certain degree of flame retardancy. Thicker winter models may have waterproof and cold design. It is very suitable for salvage and daily wharf and ship operations.

Looking at the protective clothing of "Liaoning" and "Xuelong" firefighters should refer to the Ministry of Public Security GA 10-2014 "Firefighters' Protective Clothing for Extinguishing Fire" standard, with a navy blue appearance, a more hypertrophic protective area, chest, hem, and cuffs. There are 360-degree 50-mm wide reflective tapes on the trouser legs. The thick protective clothing consists of an outer layer, a waterproof breathable layer, a thermal insulation layer, a comfort layer and other multi-layer aramid materials. After a heat stability test of 260 degrees Celsius, there is a rescue tape. There are other requirements for tear resistance, oil repellency, moisture permeability, and hydrostatic pressure resistance.

Of course this is a common protective suit/fire fighting suit. In addition, there are three anti-fire suits to deal with extreme situations, and silver-colored high-temperature thermal insulation suits (the ship's convention requires such equipment onboard).

2, helmet or fire helmet

The helmets worn by the four warriors at the scene should be helmets commonly used for salvage and salvage systems. The headlights were temporarily installed and the neck was partially exposed from behind.

There is a clear distinction between "Liaoning", "Snow Dragon" and the helmet used by the current fire brigade. In addition to the helmet design, materials, and strength, the appearance of the fire helmet, especially after 2014, has the following characteristics:

- There are more retractable protective masks in the front to provide additional protection for the face;

- The back of the helmet extends backwards to protect the back of the neck;

- There are also soft curtains in the back half of the tower to further protect the back of the head and neck, especially in the cabins after the fire. There are many dangerous objects that may fall on the ceiling.

- The helmet is relatively large, taking into account the space for breathing apparatus;

- Headsets are generally integrated in the helmet, and there are flashlights, cameras, and other equipment mounting brackets on some sides.

3, work boots or protective rubber boots

The 14 fire boots look like reinforced rubber boots, but generally follow the GA 6-2004 standard, using a flame-retardant rubber material, a steel stab-resistant layer, and two layers of insulation above and below the steel layer to improve insulation performance. With a comfortable layer and lining, the sole is more slippery. In order to distinguish it from ordinary work boots, China has bright yellow trim strips on the exterior to avoid confusion. Sometimes Kevlar materials are used to replace steel pieces abroad, and there are also black high-tech fire boots.

In Europe and America, high-level firefighters wear protective clothing in the scene, because the protective clothing is too thick, often the trouser legs do not enter the protective rubber boots, and directly cover the boots, only exposing the yellow upper.

4, labor insurance gloves or fire gloves

From 1997 to 2002 to the current 14-year standard, "fire gloves + protective clothing + protective rubber boots + helmet + protective belt" is generally provided as a "five sets" as a whole, so the fire gloves are no longer uniforms The white cotton yarn gloves use almost the same material and design as the protective clothing. They are made of permanent flame-retardant fiber materials, emphasizing flame-retardant, waterproof and breathable, anti-static, and comfort, but also increase the friction force of the palm and improve the stab-proof performance. And there is a good grip.

The telephone interview of the four East Warriors can be seen in the high-temperature roasting of the ship to implement a large number of climbing, opening and closing doors, demolition "black box" and other operations, the protection of the opponent is too important!

5, protective belt

This is also one of the common “five-pieces” of fire protection in our country. In addition to being strong, it is equipped with two metal pull rings behind it that can be hooked with safety hooks and safety ropes, and can be used in high-altitude anti-fall or rope escapes. However, the use of a gas cylinder to interfere with the belt, fire fighters are generally cheaper.

In addition to the above-mentioned individual “five-pieces” of firefighters, there are some remarkable places to look at the “Liaoning” and “Snow Dragon” numbers and the equipment of fire officers and soldiers in other areas of the country :

Portable gas detector: this can be seen from the subsequent positive photos, four warriors are wearing a portable gas detector

Fire Thermal Imager: Ideal for rooms where there is no light and smoke is dense, there is heat after all! Can penetrate smoke! Especially suitable for the cabin, observe the fire situation. Divided into handheld, and more advanced mask headband;

On the map: SCOTT's head-mounted thermal imaging device is directly integrated into the breathing mask. The screen is directly projected in front of the eyes and does not occupy the hands!

Flame-retardant hoods: This is a personal standard of the United States and the US Navy for nearly 100 years. It is made of NOMEX flame-retardant material and provides an additional layer of protection for firefighters' heads and face. Firefighters in "Snow Dragon" and "Liaoning" can see it on their heads. Arrived;

Respirator on the pattern: not only a positive pressure breathing mask, some also integrates the speaker, combined with headphones in the helmet, the walkie-talkie do not have to hold it! Free your hands! Foreign high-end also has HUD display function! ~

Some respirators also have a "bypass" function for switching cylinders or external air, and a "three links" function for emergency use by two people. However, whether these functions are safe and effective is still controversial in the industry.

Personal Locator, teammate lights, ad hoc network, as the name implies:

Personal Positioning + Remote Monitoring + Falling Alarm + Retreat Navigation: This is a more complex, but more life-saving combination package, especially suitable for cabin unfamiliar and complex, poor visibility cabin rescue, can record each person's location, travel path modeling, location The route, the state of the respirator, and even the physiological parameters are transmitted back to the command center. Once there is an alarm when it falls, it is also possible to give a retreat route with care when evacuating, to avoid getting lost, and even to have shortcuts. Advanced points include wireless networking and audio and video backhaul. Called "informational firefighting"!

Sound + vibration combination alarm: especially for the remaining volume of compressed gas cylinders. Sometimes in a noisy fire environment, the sound alarm will be submerged, combined with the vibration alarm, it will be even more foolproof.

The black box on the black circle above not only enables secondary decompression, pressure alarm, but also displays the HUD function on the mask.

Siamese firefighting suits: The domestic land use firefighting suits are mostly divided up and down, and foreign countries, especially the US Navy, are mostly one-piece fire fighting suits. Like the one-piece coveralls for ships, the Siamese type is more agile on the ship and is not easily hooked.

Although there are many, but the first thing to be sure is that the four warriors are responsible for salvaging salvage at home, and the existing equipment portfolio has also been able to serve the established maritime rescue, diving, fishing and general terminal and offshore operations. Even in common firefighting equipment, salvage bureaus have actively added rescue rafts that are highly maritime-safe.

The high-temperature detonation of this "Sang Ji" fire scene is really rare, as one of the four warriors, Xu Zhentao said, "this is the first time I have seen and felt such high fire and smoke."

Then, you may wish to refer to the configuration of the firemen's protective equipment of the snow dragons and the “Liaoning” at the same time. This will provide an additional layer of protection in the event of an extreme situation and allow the warriors to Good use of their rich work experience and solid business skills to better perform the sacred duties of salvaging people and return more safely!

Finally pay tribute to the salvage department salvos!

(The above is based on published data analysis. If there is any inaccuracy or "inappropriate, please correct me!"

Attachment: According to the requirements of the Convention, "Snow Dragon" is equipped with more than two sets of firefighters' equipment, including respirator and foil insulation. Although the insulation is excellent, it is too bulky and it is not easy to maintain.

For this purpose, the Snow Dragon is specifically targeted at European and American standards and is equipped with firefighters' protective equipment:

Fire Helmet: MSA F3 Fire Helmet

Air respirator: SCOTT original, approved by each classification society, and is a version of the integrated thermal imager;

Cylinder: SCOTT original carbon fiber cylinder, American Standard

Four types of gas detectors: American Standard

Explosion-proof searchlight: American standard

Flashlight: Pelican 3610 L-type flashlight

Motorola Explosion-proof Intercom

Fire fighting suit: Lakeland Lakeland, GFT 1000

Fire Boots: Produced by Harvik Rubber Industries, Natural Rubber + Kevlar + Nomex

Flame-retardant hoods: COBRA firefighting hoods, PGI, Nomex materials

Fireproof gloves: SHELBY, #1 Glove In Fire, cowhide + expanded polytetrafluoroethylene + sheepskin + Nomex

(Author's signature: Mei Hong_Military Learning Station)