Recently, the quality inspection results of national ceramic tile products issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (AQSIQ) sparked heated discussions, especially among the three products. The radionuclide limit was exceeded by one of the three products and attracted the attention of many media and consumers. Some even took ceramic tile radionuclides and nucleus. Radiation came together. However, through interviews, it is found that most of the ceramic tile products in the market are within the scope of the standard, and consumers do not need to talk about “nuclear†color change when they buy tiles. However, it should be reminded that red and black marble and granite are rarely used in home decoration, because these natural stones easily emit a large number of nuclei.
Hot source: The "nuclear" conjecture triggered by one sentence
According to the results of the supervision and inspection of 364 ceramic tile products produced by 272 companies in eight provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Sichuan, Shaanxi, etc. announced by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine: Qualified; there are 36 kinds of product failure strength, 15 kinds of product failure modulus failure, easy to crack, crushing in use; there are 37 kinds of products, water absorption rate is not qualified, mainly low firing temperature, short time, more open pores, Absorb moisture during use, cause moisture absorption and expansion of the green body, and it is easy to produce cracks or flaking; there are three kinds of product radionuclide limit unqualified.
The problem lies in the last sentence, "There are three kinds of product radionuclide limit unqualified", although these three kinds of products only account for less than 1% of the total spot check product quantity, and the results of spot checks on the specific conditions of substandard and The use of the consequences did not make any explanation, which triggered a lot of media and consumer hot discussion, and did not comment on the tile product's breaking strength, water absorption rate, fracture modulus failure. Some people even linked the radionuclide of ceramic tiles with nuclear radiation, and there was a report about the carcinogenic effect of ceramic tile radionuclides. Some netizens even posted that they wanted to take down the ceramic tile for inspection. For a while, the market actually appeared. Tile "nuclear" panic.
So, what is a ceramic tile radionuclide? How is the quality of tile products on the market? What should the citizen pay attention to when buying tiles?
Experts made doubts: Most ceramic tile nuclides qualified
The business scope of the Light Industry Building Materials Division of the Wuxi Municipal Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute included the inspection and inspection of the quality of the decoration materials. Wu Yan, an engineer at the institute, heard that it was somewhat strange to interview the ceramic tile radionuclide limit limit: “This is not a new thing, It was 20 years ago, and it is not so terrible as some media are exaggerating. Now the products on the market will basically not be excessive."
Regarding the difference between the proposed radionuclides and nuclear radiation, Wu Yuan said that it is not the same thing at all. As building ceramics are formed from clay, sand, gravel or industrial waste, and some natural materials, such as the formation of glaze by sintering, these materials contain uranium, thorium, radium three kinds of nuclear, especially radium will also Radiates helium that affects human health. In addition, zirconium indium sand, which whitens the tiles, will be added to tile glazes, and it is difficult to eliminate radionuclides in these glazes even after high-temperature sintering. These two factors are added together, so that the tiles will contain radionuclides. However, the radionuclides in ceramic tiles are generally very low and have little impact on human health. The real stone materials such as marble and granite are influential. Because they emit a lot of helium, long-term inhalation of the human body can cause damage to the hematopoietic organs, nervous system, reproductive system and digestive system.
Although the radionuclides in ceramic tiles are very low, the country introduced radionuclide detection methods in 1989. In 2001, it also used the mandatory national standard “Radioactive Nuclide Limits for Building Materials†to limit radionuclides in ceramic tiles. Quantification requirements. According to the level of radioactivity, the decoration materials are divided into three categories: A, B, and C. Among them, Class A materials have the lowest radiation, and family decoration must use Class A materials. Therefore, if factory tiles are used for household decoration, standard radioactivity type A will be marked on the outer packaging of products. When consumers purchase, they should ask whether the radioactivity level of the product is class A.
>>> Links: How to Choose a Good Tile to Avoid Unqualified Products
Market visits: Most businesses can't get test reports
With regard to the limitation of radionuclides in ceramic tiles, the reporter visited Wuxi Xihu Road Jiarun Decoration City, Huadong Decoration City, and Huaxia Home Harbor and other architectural decoration markets. The sales staff said that few people nowadays have to buy marble and granite for decoration. Not only are they high in price, but they are often used in thousands or thousands of yuan. The average number of tiles is a few hundred yuan, and it will be known to be detrimental to health. . The salesman also frankly stated that after the sample inspection results of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine came out, there were indeed many customers who asked for radionuclide limits when they purchased the product.
Wu Yuan, an engineer at the Light Industry Building Materials Department of the Shanghai Quality Inspection Institute, said that general brand tile companies will have radionuclide test certificates because this is a mandatory requirement. However, because of the complexity of the testing procedures and the high cost of testing, some small companies can save them. If consumers suspect that they have purchased ceramic tile radionuclide limit exceeded, you can look at whether the packaging on the product is marked as Class A material, if the packaging is not available, you can ask the sales store. If you want to detect the indoor radon content, you can ask the city quality inspection or professional testing company to carry out the inspection, the specific testing costs depends on the size of the area.
Buy remind: buy dark marble, granite
How to prevent the radionuclide from exceeding the standard in home decoration? Wu Yuan gave two suggestions; one is to minimize the use of natural decorative materials, such as marble, granite, etc. Red, black marble, and granite are more likely to emit helium; the second is to purchase the tile products from the store. Radioactivity level test report to see if it is a Class A decoration material that is suitable for home decoration.
At the same time, quality control experts also introduced several tips for the purchase of ceramic tile products:
A check. Check the product packaging box for factory name, address, product name, after-sales service phone number, specifications, quantity, trademark, date of manufacture, and standards implemented.
Second look. The glazed surface of good quality ceramic tile should be smooth and delicate, and the shiny glaze crystallizes and shines. The matt glaze is soft and comfortable. Under full natural light or fluorescent lighting, the bricks should be observed vertically at a distance of 1 meter. No obvious glazed defects should be visible. Patterned brick patterns should be delicate and realistic, with no obvious defects such as lack of color, broken lines, and misalignment. The shading and trademarks on the back of high-quality ceramic products are clear and complete, with few lacquer or defects.
Three spells. Good product size deviations are small. Place a batch of products vertically on a flat surface to see if there is any unevenness. Looking at the flatness, you can close the edges of two bricks to see if there are any gaps. Good product deformation is small, and the brick surface is flat and beautiful after paving. Look at the product's color difference, put together a few bricks and look closely in plenty of light. Products with different shades of color have poor overall results after being laid.
Listen to four. Tap the ceramic tile gently and listen to the sound. The better quality products sound crisp and sweet. Poor quality products due to improper raw material formulation, firing cycle is short, firing temperature is low, will emit a "empty" sound.
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