Compared with European and American countries with developed new materials industries, China's industrial economy faces the challenge of a serious shortage of materials industry. However, due to the weak self-development capability and the constraints of funding, China's new materials industry cannot fully meet the industry's demand for new materials.
"Any breakthrough in high-tech must be based on the breakthrough of new materials technology in this field." Zuo Zhenjun, deputy director of the Metallurgical Building Materials Development Department of China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., who participated in the formulation of China's first new material industry five-year plan, The new materials industry, which is based on the industrial economy, is facing the “best timeâ€. He told reporters: "Before the material industry has always been a subsidiary of various industrial categories, industry scale and resource input have been very limited. But in fact, the research and development and industrialization of new materials is an important material basis for each emerging industry category, will be new The separate listing of the materials industry will undoubtedly help the industry to accelerate."
In fact, the development goal of China’s new materials industry, which will reach a total output value of 2 trillion yuan by 2015, is attracting more and more enterprises and local governments to invest in this new material industry. Among them.
However, a typical high-tech and high value-added industry also means high risk and high investment. In the early stage, a large amount of scientific research preparation is required, and a large amount of time and capital investment is required in the industrialization process. Therefore, although the new material industry has a broad space for development, it does not mean a smooth road.
Earlier, Gao Yunhu, deputy director of the Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said in an exclusive interview with China Investment magazine that China's key material support capabilities are still weak. He told reporters: "In 2010, we focused on the demand for new materials in strategic emerging industries, and demanded more than 30 large-scale backbone enterprises in the fields of new energy, electronic information, aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile, railway, energy conservation and environmental protection. The survey involved more than 130 key materials. The results of the survey show that 32% of the 130 materials currently have no domestic production capacity and are completely dependent on imports; 54% are currently available in China, but the output, performance and quality are still It can't meet domestic requirements; only 14% can achieve complete self-sufficiency at present, but most of them are relatively low-tech varieties, especially in the fields of information technology and high-end equipment.
Material cornerstone
In 2007, when China's own brand Brilliance Zunchi BS6 car first entered Europe, it carried out safety tests at the German Automobile Club, and only got one star. In 2009, the same brand Junjie BS4 car in the EURO NCAP standard safety test, created the lowest score in history, zero points, satirized by the German media is " scrap iron from China." The biggest drawback of China's auto industry compared with developed countries in Europe and America is that the material technology is backward. The media calls this phenomenon "the rickets of China's auto industry." Compared with European and American countries with developed new materials industries, China's industrial economy faces the challenge of a serious shortage of materials industry. The improvement of China's industrial economic efficiency needs to be supported by the advancement of new materials industry. Technological innovation around the application of new materials has become an important way for SMEs to improve their business. Some Japanese and Korean SMEs rely on the technological advantages of a certain new material to obtain high economic returns.
According to the report released by Shangpu Consulting, China is currently in the stage of transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. With the rapid development of aerospace, electronics, chemical, energy, pharmaceutical and other industries, the requirements for basic materials are also constantly improving. Has great potential for development. At the same time, energy conservation and emission reduction and the development of a low-carbon economy have also become the mainstream of social and economic development. The demand for energy-saving and environmentally-friendly new materials in various fields of society is heating up, which will provide a strong impetus for the development of new materials industry.
The development of China's strategic emerging industries needs to rely on the development of new materials industry. The development of strategic emerging industries such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation, new energy vehicle batteries, next-generation Internet, and new equipment manufacturing are all inseparable from the strong support of new materials development and application. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's wind power installed capacity of more than 60 million kilowatts, built solar power station 10 million kilowatts or more, nuclear power operation installed capacity reached 40 million kilowatts, it is estimated that a total of 40,000 tons of rare earth permanent magnet materials, high-performance glass fiber 500,000 Tons, high-performance resin materials 900,000 tons, polysilicon 80,000 tons, low-iron suede-rolled glass 60 million square meters, need nuclear power steel 70,000 tons / year, nuclear grade zirconium 1200 tons / year, zirconium and zirconium alloy casting Ingot 2000 tons / year.
In the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aerospace, rail transit and offshore engineering during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period are expected to require 1.8 million tons of bearing steel per year and 1 million tons of oil-resistant ship alloy corrosion-resistant alloys. Rail transit large-scale aluminum alloy profile 40,000 tons / year, high-precision indexable carbide cutting tool material 5000 tons. By 2020, the development of aerospace industry such as large passenger aircraft requires 100,000 tons of high-performance aluminum materials, and the proportion of carbon fiber and composite materials will increase significantly.
To this end, some industry analysts said that in the context of China's vigorous development of the renewable energy industry and energy conservation and environmental protection, for example, the key materials required for wind power generation include carbon fiber reinforced composite materials for wind turbine blades, and new direct-drive permanent magnet winds. High-performance permanent magnet materials for generators, key materials for solar photovoltaic power generation, including polysilicon materials, packaging materials and backsheet materials, as well as power battery materials required for the development of the electric vehicle industry, will become the future focus of the new materials market. In addition, in the process of transforming the economic development mode in China, key new material technology breakthroughs required for structural adjustment of basic raw materials and industrial transformation and upgrading will bring opportunities for industrial development. For example, although China is a large steel producer, the level of refined production needs to be improved. It is necessary to actively adopt new technologies (or new processes and new equipment) to improve the performance of traditional materials and increase the added value of products.
Core technology
During the interview, Zuo Zhenjun told reporters: "China is already a big material country, but it is not a material power. At present, China's new materials industry is facing a critical period of transformation from large to strong. The overall development level is still far from the developed countries. The material industry has not yet realized a resource-intensive and technology-intensive leap." In Zuo Zhenjun's view, China's new materials industry is facing an urgent problem to be solved, mainly because of the weak ability of new materials to develop independently. Insufficient key new material support capabilities, many key products are also dependent on imports, subject to foreign constraints, such as high-speed rail wheel materials, third-generation lithium battery cathode materials, semiconductor upstream materials. The products are more imitation, the technology is backward, and the core technology is subject to people.
At the same time, industrial development lacks scientific planning, overall planning and policy guidance. The industrial structure is not very reasonable. The scale of the industry is small, scattered, and the same level is repeated, forming competition among domestic counterparts.
At present, China's large-scale materials enterprises have weak innovation power, few R&D investment, insufficient key material support capabilities; industry-university research and research are disconnected from each other, the industrial chain is not perfect, new materials are difficult to promote and apply, and new materials industry R&D investment is small and scattered.
Finally, China's new materials industry is still in the stage of extensive investment with high input, high consumption and low efficiency. The high output value of new materials is exchanged for high energy consumption. The energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP is three times that of the world average, which is 7.2 times that of Japan. The resource utilization rate is not high. For example, the utilization rate of non-ferrous metal mineral resources is 60%, which is 10%-20% lower than that of developed countries.
In the interview, Li Kejian, deputy secretary-general of the National New Materials Industry Development Strategy Advisory Committee, told reporters that in the process of industrialization, the new materials industry needs to strengthen the main position of enterprises in the innovation system, but in the construction of key common technologies and scientific research platforms. It is necessary to increase investment and guidance at the national planning level, and give full play to the advantages of the talents and resources of the research institutes.
It is worth noting that the replacement of traditional materials with new materials and materials requires a process that is gradually industrialized. Although resource and environmental costs are saved, production costs are often higher than traditional materials at the beginning.
In this regard, Li Kejian said that only by increasing the application technology will be mature, the level of engineering can be improved, and independent products will achieve an internationally competitive price/performance ratio. At the same time, the construction of national key projects should take the lead in increasing the application of independent new materials products and technologies, which is one of the best ways to support the development of independent new materials industry.
Investment and financing break
In Gao Yunhu's view, during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the state will increase support for new materials in terms of financial support, tax incentives, credit and financing, foreign cooperation, and personnel training. Zuo Zhenjun also affirmed this: "China's new material industry has been developing slowly for many years. In the final analysis, it is the organization and capital constraints. Now that the industry has been cleared up, the funding problem has become the first focus." To this end, China is targeting the new materials industry. The characteristics of scattered fields and many sub-sectors propose to establish a risk investment support policy for the development of new materials industry, actively guide the connection of venture capital and growth of new materials companies, and improve the market exit mechanism. We will increase financial, financial, taxation, land and other aspects of support for new materials industries, and set up special funds for the development of new materials industries to ensure continuous and stable support for the new materials industry.
On this basis, strengthening enterprise technology innovation and technological transformation has become a top priority. Encourage the support of upstream and downstream enterprises and research institutes to establish various models of innovation alliances, involving enterprises, research institutions and universities to strengthen the practicality, advancement and integration of technology development, and safeguard their respective interests through the agreement of intellectual property rights. Cultivate a number of industrial bases and parks with typical demonstration effects, build an integrated innovation platform for production, education and research, and accelerate the pace of technology research and development, results promotion and industrialization. Encourage foreign research institutions and companies to participate in research alliances, and conduct cooperative research, personnel training and technical exchanges on the basis of mutual benefit and property rights protection agreements.
In addition, the mechanism and environment for the use of new materials developed by China and the implementation of professional talent training strategies are on the agenda. Encourage the use of new materials independently developed by China and increase support. For strategic and important new materials, such as carbon fiber, special engineering application research centers can be set up to carry out high-end application research and improve and improve in application. Intensify the training of innovative talents in the field of new materials, establish incentives and competition mechanisms suitable for the development of innovative talents, absorb high-level foreign technology and management talents, and provide guarantees for the construction of science and technology innovation systems in China's new materials industry.
Metal Forming Rollers,Metal Roller Wheel,Stainless Steel Rollers With Bearings,Metal Roller Track
HANGZHOU KUNTAI HARDWARE CO., LTD. , https://www.hzktwj.com