Six major factors affecting PV plant revenue

It is often asked, how big brand distributed systems are so expensive, more than ten dollars a watt? Why can some of them sell for 8 bucks or even 6 bucks? The author is here to give you a detailed explanation of why the reliable distributed system is the price. I hope that everyone will take a serious look and carefully choose to avoid being scammed and avoiding investment damage.

As we all know, distributed is composed of photovoltaic components, inverters, distribution boxes, brackets, cables and other components. Many people only pay attention to the components when installing the system. In fact, which of the five major components is of poor quality will affect the income. Seriously, it may even cause property damage or even personal injury! Let's see one by one below.

Components

It is often said that the boards of Tianhe Yingli and other big manufacturers are so cheap. Some people sell expensive? This involves an unsuspecting industry secret. Fu Mei had once issued a popular science article “What is the difference between AB classification of PV modules”, and the AB classification of PV modules is the fundamental reason why the same brand group price is different.

In the production process of photovoltaic modules, in order to ensure the customer's power generation performance, they are usually strictly tested at the factory. Any component with poor degree of consistency or some defects will be treated with external products, which means that each manufacturer is producing. During the process, a certain number of external products (Class B components) will be produced. This kind of B-component has problems first from the quality point of view. Natural power generation cannot be compared with Class A components. Secondly, because of defects, the subsequent power and decay rate can not be guaranteed to comply with national regulations. The most crucial is this. There is no guarantee at all that the class of components will have a useful life of 25 years.

The power generation and service life are the key factors affecting the profitability of the photovoltaic system. Now that the country has issued a policy, the system efficiency is lower than certain conditions, and even subsidies cannot be received. However, there are always unreliable individuals or small integrators on the market, buying such B-type components, and then selling them at a lower price than A-type components, attracting people who are looking for cheaper options. In general, the spread of famous brand AB components can reach 2 yuan/watt or more.

In addition, there are even more abhorrent shoddy, high-priced sales to unsuspecting owners, causing greater losses to the owners.

The following figure shows the results of a photovoltaic plant using cheap components for 3 years.

Even if the child hasn’t recovered this 3 years, it will be so bad that it can be said that the investment will be lost. Please remember! No good goods cheap! No good goods cheap! No good goods cheap!

Therefore, when choosing components, first of all, do not be greedy and cheap. The consequence of saving thousands of tens of thousands is that the amount of power generation cannot be guaranteed. Subsidies cannot be received or even the board is broken, leading to investment losses and greater losses. Second, we must purchase well-known brand products from the official channels designated by well-known brands, and do not purchase components that are of unknown origin.

Inverter

In the article “What are the factors affecting the efficiency of photovoltaic modules and systems?” Fumei told everyone that the efficiency of inverters is also one of the determinants of power generation. The inverters with good quality and high efficiency can make the photovoltaic system generate more power. For example, the conversion efficiency of first-line inverters such as Huawei and Goodwin is more than 96%; and the quality is not good and the inverter is inefficient. However, the system will degrade system power generation. Most of these inverters have conversion efficiency of only 90% or even lower.

Correspondingly, high-quality inverters have high prices and low quality and low prices. In general, the spread is around 3 wool/watt.

The consequence of having a few cents for a couple of cents is a loss of more than 6% of power generation. Is this deal really worth the money?

The most critical point is that the most vulnerable of all PV system components is not the component, but the inverter! The 2015 distributed sales data shows that the inverter problem accounted for 43% in the after-sale problem, ranking first!

In the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic systems, inverters need to invest the most energy and brain power. Well-known brands of good inverter quality, long warranty time, operation and maintenance can be peace of mind; and cheap inverter warranty time is short, and may not even have a warranty. More serious, it may not be long before it will be bad, so you have to spend thousands or even tens of thousands of dollars for an inverter, you say in order to save a few cents, this cost-effective?

Therefore, when choosing an inverter, you must first choose a large brand inverter. In October last year, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine had exposed 14 batches of unqualified inverters and clicked on “AQSIQ: 14 Batches of Photovoltaic Grid-connected Inverter Products Failed to Pass” to see which brands are to avoid thunder. Second, it must be purchased from reliable channels, at least in terms of after-sale protection.

Distribution box

A good distribution box may cost as much as 6 cents a watt, and a poor quality may be as cheap as 500 bucks. But what's the difference between the two?

A good distribution box can ensure that the product complies with the requirements of the State Grid. However, a poorly-quality distribution box may not have the functions of pressure closing and voltage-losing tripping. This can cause reverse transmission - that is, the power outage of the power grid. Under the circumstance, if the quality of the inverter is not good and the PV system is still powered, it may cause the PV system to be sent back to the national grid. In case of overhaul on the power grid at this time, electric shock may be caused. , seriously causing casualties!

Is money important or important?

Bracket

The thickness of a good bracket steel structure meets the requirements of the standard, the basic thickness can be equal to or greater than 2.2mm, and the corrosion resistance and wind resistance are strong, and the service life of 25 years can also be guaranteed. The cheap stents may not even have a thickness of 2mm, and their corrosion resistance and wind resistance are naturally poor. Even if you don't have dust storms or typhoons in your area, most of the time they are calm, but the photovoltaic system is exposed to the sun all year round. The anti-corrosion performance If it is bad, if the bracket is corroded and not checked on some day, it will not be worth the damage caused by the PV modules falling down; even if the components do not fall, the corroded brackets will cause changes in the tilt angle of the components and reduce the amount of power generated by the system, so that your income will be affected. damage.

In general, the difference between a good stent and a bad stent is 2 to 3 wool/watt.

Cables

The cable is inconspicuous, but it is the easiest to be hand and foot. Photovoltaic systems are exposed to wind and rain all the year round. Therefore, it is required that the direct current should be protected by ultraviolet and anti-aging photovoltaic dedicated DC cables in order to ensure the service life and corrosion resistance of the cables. However, the cost of such cables is high, so some small integrators choose ordinary cables for installation. This will cause the outermost protective layer of the cable to be corroded in two to three years. If the protective layer is damaged, the internal copper wire of the cable will be exposed. This will result in leakage of electricity and serious fire.

Photovoltaic special DC cable and ordinary cable price difference between 2 ~ 3 yuan / meter.

Service

If you invest in a system yourself or install a cheap system from a small integrator, although the initial investment is reduced, the quality of the products in each part of the system cannot be guaranteed. Naturally, it will not guarantee long-term benefits. Second, it will not be able to enjoy Reliable after-sales service and operation and maintenance services. Even if it is ordinary home appliances, there is no after-sales service we buy them up and are not at ease, let alone a photovoltaic power generation system such a highly professional behemoth!

Moreover, after-sales service and operation and maintenance of photovoltaic systems are more cumbersome than ordinary home appliances, there is no guidance from professionals, and their research does not require energy. If accidents are caused by improper operation, the revenue reduction is small, resulting in personal accidents even more!

Based on the above, in terms of components, inverters, power distribution boxes, and brackets, the overall price difference between good products and poor quality products has reached 3.2 yuan/watt, which is still not the two parts of cable and after-sales service. How important is after-sales service, and only people who use photovoltaic systems know, so do you know why a distributed photovoltaic system is more expensive than a small integrator? On the surface, it looks like the initial investment is high, but the long-term benefit is guaranteed. The operation and maintenance of the latter part of the economy will save the peace of mind. The overall cost-effectiveness does not know how much higher than the cheaper products!

Finally remind everyone, do not try to buy photovoltaic systems from unclear channels, we must choose the reliable channel manufacturers!

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