Brazilian petrochemical industry giant Braskem held the unveiling ceremony for its first polyethylene plant using sugarcane ethanol as a raw material at Petrochemical Base in South Dahe State on September 24th. Brazilian President Lula attended the ceremony. According to reports, this is also the world's first scale-up polyethylene plant using bio-based raw materials. The plant annually produces 200,000 tons of polyethylene. Its goal is to become the world leader in sustainable chemical industry. The project invests 500 million reals and uses domestic technology.
Brazil's Braskem Petrochemical Company is one of the third-largest companies in the Americas and one of the world's top 10 petrochemical companies. In recent years, it has been working hard to develop high-tech and environmental technologies. According to reports, the newly-produced polyethylene produced from sugar cane ethanol as a raw material is produced through processes such as heating, dehydration, purification, compression, cleaning, and enrichment. It is called “green plastic†and has huge environmental benefits, 1 ton. Sugarcane ethanol polyethylene can eliminate 2.5 tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In a sense, this green plastic is actually made from the carbon captured from the atmosphere through the photosynthesis of sugarcane. This type of polyethylene can be used for the manufacture of film focal films, food packaging materials, toys, automobile fuel tanks, interiors, etc., and has a wide range of industrial applications. In his speech, President Lula emphasized that this is a miracle that Brazil has created on its own land with its own scientists, its own workers, and its own technology.
Spade bits are used for rough boring in wood. They tend to cause splintering when they emerge from the workpiece. Woodworkers avoid splintering by finishing the hole from the opposite side of the work. Spade bits are flat, with a centering point and two cutters. The cutters are often equipped with spurs in an attempt to ensure a cleaner hole. With their small shank diameters relative to their boring diameters, spade bit shanks often have flats forged or ground into them to prevent slipping in drill chucks.
Some bits are equipped with long shanks and have a small hole drilled through the flat part, allowing them to be used much like a bell-hanger bit. Intended for high speed use, they are used with electric hand drills. Spade bits are also sometimes referred to as "paddle bits".
Spade drill bits are ordinarily available in diameters from 6 to 36 mm, or ¼ to 1½ inches.
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